1 forcipular coxosternite: relative breadth (maximum width / exposed length)

much longer than wide (<0.8)

slightly longer than wide (0.8-1.0)

moderately wider than long (1.0-1.8)

much wider than long (1.8-3.0)

very much wider than long (>3.0)

2 forcipular coxosternite: coxopleural sutures: anterior half: position

approximately subparallel

distinctly diverging anteriorly

3 forcipular coxosternite: chitin-lines: presence

absent

present

4 forcipular coxosternite: chitin-lines: position

not visible in anterior 2/3 of coxosternite

not pointing directly to the condyles but more laterally

pointing towards the condyles, but not reaching them

reaching condyles

5 forcipular coxosternite: anterior margin: shape (depth of medial embayment with respect to the most projecting part of anterior margin of coxosternite / basal distance between forcipular trochanteroprefemora)

deeply concave (>0.3)

not or slightly concave (<0.3)

6 forcipular coxosternite: anterior denticles: presence

absent or represented only by a shallow bulge

present, distinctly sclerotized and/or pointed

7 forcipular trochanteroprefemur: degree of elongation (length between condyles / width at base)

much wider than long (<0.8)

about as long as wide, or slightly wider than long (0.8-1.0)

slightly longer than wide (1.0-1.4)

much longer than wide (>1.4)

8 forcipular trochanteroprefemur: distal denticle: presence and degree of elongation

absent or represented only by a shallow bulge

present, relatively short (less than 1/2 of mesal length of trochanteroprefemur)

present, relatively long (about 1/2 of mesal length of trochanteroprefemur)

9 forcipular tibia: denticle: presence

absent or represented only by a shallow bulge

present, distinct

10 forcipular tarsungulum: basal denticle: presence

absent or represented only by a shallow bulge

present, distinct

11 forcipular tarsungulum: basal denticle: relative size (denticle length from basal articulation of tarsungulum / tarsungulum length)

<1/10

>1/10

12 forcipular tarsungulum: basal denticle: shape of the margin facing the ungulum

slightly convex or almost straight

obtusely angulate

13 forcipular tarsungulum: ungulum: shape of transverse section

distinctly flattened, with dorsal and ventral sides almost parallel to each other

dorsal and ventral sides distinctly convex and converging gradually towards the tip

14 forcipular tarsungulum: basal third of ungulum: internal and external margins: position

almost parallel

distinctly converging uniformly

15 forcipular tarsungulum: denticle-like projections along ungulum: presence

absent

present

16 anterior half of trunk: mid-longitudinal sulcus distinctly more sclerotized than surrounding integument of metasternite: presence

absent or weak

present, distinct

17 anterior half of trunk: pore-field/s on anterior half of metasternite: presence

absent

present

18 anterior half of trunk: pore-field/s on intermediate and/or posterior half of metasternite: presence

absent, at most rare scattered pores

present

19 anterior half of trunk: pore-field/s on intermediate and/or posterior half of metasternite: position

centred about midway along the length of the metasternite

centred distinctly within the posterior third of metasternite

20 anterior half of trunk: main pore-field on intermediate and/or posterior half of metasternite: shape

transverse band or ellipse, distinctly wider than long

transverse ellipse with posterior margin slightly concave

circular or a transverse ellipse only slightly wider than long

triangle with the apex pointing anteriorly

longitudinal ellipse or ovoid

21 anterior half of trunk: main pore-field on intermediate and/or posterior half of metasternite: double constriction: presence and direction

absent

present, constriction in longitudinal axis

present, constriction in transverse axis

22 anterior half of trunk: pore-fields on intermediate and/or posterior half of metasternite: paired small fields just anterior to the main pore-field: presence and position

absent

present, separated from the main pore-field and not extending to the anterior half of the metasternite

present, coalescent with the main pore-field and not distinctly extending to the anterior half of the metasternite

present, coalescent with the main pore-field and extending distinctly to anterior half of metasternite

23 anterior half of trunk: leg: pretarsus: anterior accessory spine: shape

tapering, pointed, not reaching as far as the tip of the claw

tapering, pointed, reaching as far as the tip of the claw

expanded distally

24 anterior half of trunk: metasternite: carpophagus pit: presence

absent

present

25 anterior half of trunk: metasternite: carpophagus pit: maximum width relative to anterior margin of metasternite

about 1/2 of anterior margin of metasternite

about 2/3-3/4 of anterior margin of metasternite

almost as wide as the anterior margin of metasternite

26 anterior half of trunk: metasternite: sternobothrium: presence

absent

present

27 anterior half of trunk: metasternite: virguliform fossae: presence

absent

present

28 anterior half of trunk: metasternite: posterior transverse fossa: presence

absent

present

29 posterior third of trunk: metasternite: pore-field/s: presence

absent

present

30 posterior third of trunk: metasternite: pore-field/s: position

centred about midway along the length of the metasternite

centred in the posterior third of the metasternite only

centred in both the anterior and posterior thirds of the metasternite

31 posterior third of trunk: main pore-field/s on intermediate and/or posterior third of metasternite: shape

transverse band or ellipse, distinctly wider than long

circle or transverse ellipse, only slightly wider than long

longitudinal ellipse or ovoid

two paired circles or ellipses or ovals, medially separate

32 most posterior leg-bearing segments: main pore-field/s: relative size in comparison with other metasternites in the posterior third of trunk

similar to pore-fields of preceding metasternites

distinctly larger than pore-fields of preceding metasternites, extending anteriorly beyond the mid-line of the metasternite

distinctly larger than pore-fields of the preceding metasternites, extending posteriorly into a transverse band

33 most posterior leg-bearing segments: metasternite: lateral gutters: presence

absent

present

34 ultimate leg-bearing segment: metasternite: shape

approximately triangular with lateral margins converging posteriorly; posterior margin much narrower than anterior

approximately rectangular with lateral margins almost parallel for most of their length

approximately trapezoid with lateral margins converging posteriorly for most of their length

approximately hexagonal with lateral margins distinctly converging anteriorly

35 ultimate leg-bearing segment: metasternite: mid-longitudinal groove: presence

absent

present, distinct

36 ultimate leg-bearing segment: metasternite: posterior margin: shape

uniformly distinctly rounded

almost straight or slightly notched

37 ultimate leg-bearing segment: metasternite: relative breadth (maximum width / length)

distinctly longer than wide (<0.9)

about as long as wide (0.9-1.1)

distinctly wider than long (>1.1)

38 ultimate leg-bearing segment: metasternite: breadth in comparison with preceding metasternite (max width of ultimate metasternite / posterior width of penultimate metasternite)

very much narrower (<0.5)

distinctly narrower (0.5-0.8)

about same length (0.9-1.1)

distinctly wider (>1.2)

39 ultimate leg-bearing segment: distinct pleurites between presternite, metasternite and coxopleura: presence

absent

present

40 ultimate leg-bearing segment: coxopleuron: ventral side: coxal pores opening on the surface separately, not inside pit/s: presence

absent

present

41 ultimate leg-bearing segment: coxopleuron: ventral side: coxal pores opening on the surface separately, not inside pit/s: number

1

2

usually 3-5

usually 5-10

usually more than 10

42 ultimate leg-bearing segment: coxopleuron: ventral side: coxal pores opening on the surface separately, not inside pit/s: position of most pores

scattered

close to margin of metasternite, covered or exposed

43 ultimate leg-bearing segment: coxopleuron: ventral side: single coxal pore distinctly displaced posteriorly and/or laterally from the others: presence

absent

present

44 ultimate leg-bearing segment: coxopleuron: ventral side: pit/s where multiple coxal organs open: presence, number and shape

absent

present, 1, not elongate

present, 1, elongate

present, 2, not elongate

present, 3-4, not elongate

45 ultimate leg-bearing segment: telopodite: number of articles

4

5

6

46 ultimate leg-bearing segment: telopodite: elongation in comparison with penultimate telopodite (length of ultimate telopodite / length of penultimate telopodite)

similar (0.9-1.2)

distinctly elongate (1.2-1.9)

very much elongate (>2.0)

47 ultimate leg-bearing segment: telopodite: breadth in comparison with penultimate telopodite (width of ultimate telopodite / width of penultimate telopodite)

similar (<1.2)

distinctly swollen (>1.2)

48 ultimate leg-bearing segment: telopodite: prefemur: mesal expansion: presence and shape

absent or inconspicuous

present, a conspicuous bulge

present, two long horns

49 ultimate leg-bearing segment: telopodite: ultimate article: elongation (length / width)

distinctly wider than long (<0.9)

about as long as wide or slightly longer (0.9-1.5)

moderately longer than wide (1.5-2.0)

very much longer than wide (>2.0)

50 ultimate leg-bearing segment: telopodite: ultimate article: relative elongation in comparison with penultimate article (length of ultimate article / length of penultimate article)

very much shorter (<0.3)

distinctly shorter (0.3-0.75)

slightly shorter or similar in length (0.75-1.0)

longer (>1.0)

51 ultimate leg-bearing segment: telopodite: ultimate article: relative breadth in comparison with penultimate article (width of ultimate article / width of penultimate article)

very much narrower (<0.5)

distinctly narrower (0.5-0.9)

only slightly narrower or similar in width (0.9-1.0)

52 ultimate leg-bearing segment: telopodite: pretarsus: presence and shape

present, a curved, pointed, sclerotized claw

present, a stout tubercle, usually tipped but without spines

present, a tubercle bearing some spines

absent, at most a minute spine

53 postpedal segments: gonopods: shape

separate at their bases, not in contact with each other, and with an intermediate projection in-between

separate at their bases but in contact with each other, without an intermediate projection in-between

single short lamina

54 postpedal segments: anal pores: presence

absent

present

55 antenna: shape (maximum width of articles in distal third of antenna / width of articles in intermediate third of antenna)

tapering (< 1.0)

distally expanded (> or = 1.0)

56 antenna: relative elongation (antenna length / head width)

relatively short (<3.0)

moderately long (3.0-4.5)

relatively very long (>4.5)

57 head: elongation (length/width)

distinctly wider than long (0.7-0.9)

as long as wide (0.9-1.1)

distinctly longer than wide (1.1-1.3)

much longer than wide (>1.3)

58 head: transverse suture: presence

absent or very indistinct

present, distinct

59 forcipular segment: metatergite: lateral margins: position

not distinctly converging from posterior to anterior for most of their length

distinctly converging from posterior to anterior for most of their length

60 trunk: distinct dorsal dark patches

absent

present

61 anterior half of trunk: intercalary paratergites: presence

absent

present

62 anterior half of trunk: primary paratergites: presence

absent

present

63 penultimate leg-bearing segment: sutural sulci between metatergite and stigmatopleurites: presence

absent

present

64 ultimate leg-bearing segment: pleuropretergite: sutural sulci between pretergite and intercalary pleurites: presence

absent

present

65 ultimate leg-bearing segment: coxal pores opening on the pleuropretergite: presence

absent

present

66 ultimate leg-bearing segment: coxal pores opening on the metatergite: presence

absent

present

67 ultimate leg-bearing segment: coxopleuron: dorsal side: coxal pores: presence and pattern

absent

one single pore

present, scattered pores

present, close to the margin of metatergite, covered or exposed

68 clypeus: clypeal area/s: presence

absent or very indistinct

present, distinct

69 clypeus: setae: number

usually <10

usually >10

70 clypeus: 1-2 setae in posterior half of clypeus, distinctly separated from other setae: presence

absent

present

71 first maxillae: coxosternite: mid-longitudinal sutural sulcus: presence

absent, or indistinct in a short coxosternite

present, complete

72 first maxillae: coxal projections: relative position

close to each other, in contact or almost so at bases

distinctly separated

73 first maxillae: lappets: presence

absent or represented only by stout bulges

present, distinct, elongate

74 second maxillae: coxosternite: anterior margin: shape

concave, rounded

angulate backwards, not distinctly bilobate

distinctly bilobate, angulate backwards from the midpoint

almost straight, angulate forwards from the midpoint

convex, not angulate

75 second maxillae: coxosternite: anterior margin: medial notch

absent

present, distinct

76 second maxillae: coxosternite: isthmus: degree of elongation and sclerotization

less than 1/4 of the maximum length of the coxosternite, and distinctly less sclerotized than remainder of this

more than 1/10 of the maximum length of the coxosternite, and as heavily sclerotized as the remainder of this

77 second maxillae: coxosternite: statuminia: presence

absent

present

78 second maxillae: pretarsus: shape

subconic, curved, pointed at apex

subconic, curved, with a stout tip

spatulate at apex

stout tubercle with 1-2 apical tips

tubercle with multiple spines

79 second maxillae: pretarsus: lateral or basal projections: number and position

0

2 basal spines

1-4 lateral filaments

two combs of filaments

80 labrum: intermediate part: distinction from clypeus

not separated from the clypeus by a distinct anterior sulcus

separated from the clypeus by a distinct anterior sulcus

81 labrum: lateral parts: distinction from intermediate part and position

not separated from the intermediate part by sulci

separated from the intermediate part by complete sulci, distinct side-pieces not in contact with each other anterior to the intermediate part of labrum

separated from the intermediate part by complete sulci, distinct side-pieces in contact with each other anterior to the intermediate part of labrum

82 labrum: lateral part: transverse thickened line: degree of completeness and position

indistinct or incomplete, not extending to the anterior or mesal margins of lateral parts of labrum

distinct, complete, extending to anterior margins of lateral parts of labrum

distinct, complete, extending to mesal margins of lateral parts of labrum

83 labrum: intermediate part: posterior margin: shape

distinctly concave

almost straight or slightly projecting

84 labrum: intermediate part: posterior projections: shape

no projections

1-2 tubercles or denticles, without bristles

more than 2 tubercles or denticles

slender elongate bristles, without tubercles or at most 1-2 tubercles

85 labrum: lateral parts: posterior projections: shape

no projections

denticles curved towards the mid-line of the labrum

slender elongate bristles

86 mandible: lamellae: number

1

2

>2

87 mandible: first (most ventral) lamella: distinction from other lamellae in shape and sclerotization

absent

present

88 mandible: first (most ventral) lamella: number of distinct blocks comprising the lamella

1

2

3

4

SELECTED ATTRIBUTES: